Saturday, July 6, 2019

Pirate Eyes on Hawaii: Fraud Genealogies of Princess Poomaikelani vs. the Truth: Princess Poomaikelani's Families



Poomaikelani

Poomaikelani
Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani was a member of the royal family of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Timeline

1839:She was born at Piʻihonua, Hilo, Hawaiʻi Island on April 7, 1839, the second daughter of Princess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauaʻi and High Chief Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole of Hilo.
1855:On March 20, 1855, she married Hiram Kahanawai, a steward of Queen Emma.
1874:Poomaikelani married Hiram Kahanawai in 1874; their marriage lasted till August 07, 1874.
1884:She was made Governor of Hawaiʻi island in 1884 by her brother-in-law and was paid an annual salary of 3500 dollars per year.
1887:She also served as President of the Board of Health in 1887.
1888:She was Guardian of the Royal Tombs at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii from October 15, 1888 until her death.
The following was found on the howlingpixi website::

Poomaikelani
Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani (1839–1895) was a member of the royal family of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Poʻomaikelani
Princess of Hawaii
Poomaikelani2
BornApril 7, 1839
Hilo, Hawaiʻi
DiedOctober 2, 1895 (aged 56)
Kalihi Valley, Oʻahu
BurialOctober 3, 1895
SpouseHiram Kahanawai
Full name
Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani
HouseHouse of Kalakaua
FatherKūhiō Kalanianaʻole
MotherKinoiki Kekaulike

Life

Poomaikelani4
Princess Poʻomaikelani.
She was born at Piʻihonua, Hilo, Hawaiʻi Island on April 7, 1839, the second daughter of Princess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauaʻi and High Chief Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole of Hilo.[1] She was the granddaughter of Kaumualiʻi, the last king of the island of Kauaʻi before being ceded to the unified Hawaiian Islands governed by Kamehameha I. She was also the stepdaughter of Queen Regent Kaʻahumanu.
She was elder sister of Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike and younger sister of Queen Kapiʻolani, who married to King Kalākaua. Some sources give her different first names; for example Esther, Abigail or even Victoria. The situation was that the three sisters rarely used their Christian names.
On March 20, 1855, she married Hiram Kahanawai, a steward of Queen Emma.[2] Poʻomaikelani and her husband served as in the household as retainers of Queen Emma. She was one of the trusted ladies-in-waiting for many years, but left Emma's employment to join her brother-in-law's court.[3] The couple did not have any children of their own but adopted and raised her nephew Prince Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui, the second son of her sister Kekaulike.[4]
Her sister's husband became the king of Hawaiʻi in 1874 and she was granted the title of Princess and style of Her Royal Highness, in 1883 during Kalākaua's coronation. She was made Governor of Hawaiʻi island in 1884 by her brother-in-law and was paid an annual salary of 3500 dollars per year.[5] She also served as President of the Board of Health in 1887.[6]
She was Guardian of the Royal Tombs at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii from October 15, 1888 until her death. Kalākaua appointed her as president of the Board of Genealogy of Hawaiian Chiefs. Poʻomaikelani was kahili bearer during Kalākaua's official coronation.[7]

Death

Suffering from paralysis in her right leg, Poʻomaikelani had been largely incapacitated for the last ten years of her life having to be carried about, especially to service at St. Andrew's Cathedral where she regularly attended. Her condition worsened over the years until she was unable to leave her house. She died at Kalihi Valley, Oahu, October 2, 1895, aged 56, two years after Queen Liliʻuokalani was overthrown. The cause of death was heart failure. After a funeral service at St. Andrew's, she was interred in the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii.[8][9][10] In 1910, after the completion of the separate Kalākaua Crypt, her casket was moved there from the main mausoleum building along with other members of the Kalākaua Dynasty.[11]

References

  1. ^ "Virginia Kapooloku Poomaikelani, (w)". Our Family History and Ancestry. Families of Old Hawaii. Retrieved November 18, 2010.
  2. ^ Hawaiʻi State Archives (2006). "Kahanawai (k) – Kapooloku marriage record". Marriages – Oahu (1832–1910). Retrieved June 5, 2014 – via Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library.
  3. ^ Queen Emma of Hawaii, Peter Kaʻeo (1976). Alfons L. Korn (ed.). News from Molokai, letters between Peter Kaeo & Queen Emma, 1873–1876. The University Press of Hawaii. ISBN 978-0-8248-0399-5.
  4. ^ Kamae, Lori (1980). The Empty Throne. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co. pp. 39, 44. ISBN 978-0-914916-44-4. OCLC 7080687.
  5. ^ Na kanawai o ka repubalika o Hawaii, p. 97
  6. ^ "Poomaikelani, Virginia K. office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  7. ^ The Hawaiian Kingdom. By Ralph S Kuykendall. 263
  8. ^ "Ending of the Useful Life of Princess Poomaikelani". The Hawaiian Star. October 3, 1895. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  9. ^ "Princess Poomaikelani Dead". The San Francisco Call. October 15, 1895. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  10. ^ "Funeral of Ex-Princess Poomaikelani – Interment in Mausoleum". The Hawaiian Gazette. October 4, 1895. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  11. ^ "The Weird Ceremonial of Monarchial Times Marked Transfer of Kalakaua Dynasty Dead to Tomb". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. June 28, 1910. p. 2. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
Government offices
Preceded by
Princess Victoria Kekaulike
Governor of Hawaiʻi Island
1884–1886
Succeeded by
Ululani Baker
Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa
Abigail Wahiʻikaʻahuʻula Campbell Kawānanakoa (January 1, 1882 – April 12, 1945) was a politician and Princess of Hawaii.
Abigail Kapiolani Kawānanakoa
Abigail Helen Kapiʻolani Kawānanakoa (1903–1961) was a member of the House of Kawānanakoa and the eldest daughter of Prince David Kawānanakoa and Princess Abigail Campbell Kawānanakoa.
Abigail Kuaihelani Campbell
Abigail Kuaihelani Maipinepine Bright Campbell (August 22, 1858 – November 1, 1908) was a member of the nobility of the Kingdom of Hawaii. During her life, she married two powerful businessmen, particularly adding to the success of her first husband, James Campbell, and giving him descendants. Among their grandchildren were three heirs to the throne of the kingdom of Hawaii.
Edward A. Kawānanakoa
Edward Abnel Keli'iahonui "Dudie" Kawānanakoa II (October 2, 1924 – July 29, 1997) was a member of the House of Kawānanakoa.
Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui
Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui (1869–1887) was a prince of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi.
Governors of Hawaii (island)
The Governor of Hawaiʻi Island (Hawaiian: Kiaʻaina o na Mokupuni o Hawaiʻi) was the royal governor or viceroy of the Island of Hawaiʻi during the Kingdom of Hawaii. The Governor of Hawaii was usually a Hawaiian chief or prince and could even be a woman. There were no restriction of women in government in the House of Nobles or Governship of the islands. The Governor had authority over the island of Hawaii, the biggest island in the kingdom, and it was up to the governor to appoint lieutenant governors to assisted them. The governor had replaced the old Aliʻis of the islands, but sovereignty remained with the king. The island governors were under the jurisdiction of the Ministers of the Interiors.
Hiram (name)
Hiram (Phoenician "benevolent brother"), Hiram (Hebrew חִירָם "high-born"), Standard Hebrew Ḥiram, Tiberian Hebrew Ḥîrām) is a biblical given name referring to Phoenician kings.
Hiram Kahanawai
Hiram Kahanawai, also known as Hairama Kahanawai, (September 1837 – August 7, 1874) was a member of the Hawaiian nobility who served as a retainer and household steward of King Kamehameha IV and his widow Queen Emma of Hawaiʻi. He married the future Princess Poʻomaikelani, and they joined the court of King Kalākaua after he won the royal election of 1874 against Queen Emma.
House of Kawānanakoa
The House of Kawānanakoa, or the Kawānanakoa Dynasty, are descendants to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi.
James Campbell (industrialist)
James Campbell, Esq. (February 4, 1826 – April 21, 1900) was a Scots-Irish industrialist in sugar cane processing, who became one of the largest landowners in the United States Territory of Hawaiʻi, and a real estate developer. He was an immigrant to Hawaiʻi from Ireland. At the age of 51, he married for a second time, to a young woman who was a daughter of Hawaiian aristocracy. They had eight children, four of whom survived to adulthood. One of their daughters married into the ruling family, and their grandchildren were heirs to the throne of the kingdom of Hawaii.
He established the Estate of James Campbell for his heirs, which continued for more than 100 years as one of the largest landowners in the islands. In 2007 more than 170 heirs agreed to rework it as the James Campbell Company; only three cashed out.
Kalanikeʻeaumoku
Kalanikeʻeaumoku was an aliʻi (noble) of Hawaii (island) of the Kona district and part of Kohala district and grandfather of Kamehameha I.
Kaumualii
Kaumualiʻi (c. 1778–May 26, 1824) was the last independent aliʻi nui (supreme ruler of the island) of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau before becoming a vassal of Kamehameha I of the unified Kingdom of Hawaiʻi in 1810. He was the 23rd high chief of Kauaʻi, reigning from 1794-1810.
Although he was sometimes known as George Kaumualiʻi, he should not be confused with his son who is more commonly known by that name.
In Hanamaulu, the King Kaumualii Elementary School is named after Kauai's last reigning chief.
Kinoiki Kekaulike
Kinoiki Kekaulike I was a Princess of the island of Kauaʻi during the transition from ancient Hawaii to the Kingdom of Hawaii.
Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole was a Hawaiian high chief of Hilo and father of Queen Kapiʻolani.
He was born to Aliʻi Elelule Laʻakeaelelulu and his wife Poʻomaikelani, daughter of Aliʻi Kanekoa, of Waimea, by his first wife, Kalani-kau-lelei-awi, daughter of Kepoʻomahoe. His father was the son of Keawemauhili, the brother of King Kalaniʻōpuʻu of Hawaii Island, and joint ruler of the District of Hilo with his wife ʻUlulani. His father's mother ʻUlulani was the most renowned poet of her day, and his father's sister was Kapiʻolani who defied the volcano goddess Pele. He served as steward for his aunt Kapiʻolani and her husband Naihe and Kūhiō converted to Christianity alongside them.
He married the Princess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauai, daughter of King Kaumualiʻi of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau. He and his wife had three daughters who were all members of the Royal Court of King Kalākaua in 1883. His daughters were Kapiʻolani, named after her aunt, Poʻomaikelani, named after Kūhiō's own mother, and Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike, named after her mother. All of his daughters died issueless, except Victoria who gave birth to three sons: David Kawānanakoa, Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui and Jonah Kūhiō Kalaniana'ole, his namesake.
Mauna ʻAla
Mauna ʻAla (Fragrant Hills) in the Hawaiian language, is the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii (also called Royal Mausoleum State Monument) and the final resting place of Hawaii's two prominent royal families: the Kamehameha Dynasty and the Kalākaua Dynasty.
Queen Kapiolani
Queen Kapiʻolani (December 31, 1834 – June 24, 1899) was married to King Kalākaua and reigned as Queen Consort of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from 1874 to 1891. Deeply interested in the health and welfare of the Native Hawaiian people, Kapiʻolani established the Kapiʻolani Home for Girls, for the education of the daughters of resident of the leprosy settlement at Kalaupapa, and the Kapiʻolani Maternity Home, where Hawaiian mothers and newborns could receive care.
Quentin Kawānanakoa
Quentin Kūhiō Kawānanakoa (born September 28, 1961), is a Republican politician of the state of Hawaii. Kawānanakoa is an organizer of the Republican Party of Hawaii. He is part of the House of Kawānanakoa.
He is sometimes referred to as a prince, and an heir to the Hawaiian monarchy although he himself admits there is no official recognition and such titles are merely honorific. He is also an heir to the James Campbell estate.
Ululani Lewai Baker
Ululani Lewai Peleiōhōlani Baker (1858 – October 5, 1902) was a Hawaiian high chiefess and the last Governess of the island of Hawaii from 1886 to 1888. During her tenure, she was given the honorific Her Excellency, the Governess of Hawaii.
Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike
Victoria Kūhiō Kinoiki Kekaulike II (1843–1884) was a Princess of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. Her name also sometimes spelled as Kinoike Kekaulike has been written as Mary Kinoiki Kekaulike in many sources. Her name Kekaulike translates as "the equality" in Hawaiian.
Ancestors of Poomaikelani
16. Kalaninuiamamao
8. Keawemauhili
17. Kekaulike-i-Kawekiuonalani (=23)
4. Elelule Laʻakeaelelulu
18. Mokulani
9. ʻUlulani
19. Papaikaniau
2. Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
20. Keʻeaumoku Nui
10. Kanekoa
21. Kailakanoa
5. Poʻomaikelani
22. Kepoʻomahoe
11. Kalanikauleleiawi-a-Kepoomahoe
23. Kekaulike-i-Kawekiuonalani (=17)
1. Poʻomaikelani
24. Kekaulike
12. Kāʻeokūlani
25. Haʻaloʻu
6. Kaumualiʻi
26. Kaumeheiwa
13. Kamakahelei
27. Kaʻapuwai
3. Kinoiki Kekaulike
14. Palikua?
7. Kaʻapuwai Kapuaʻamohu
30. Kaneoneo
15. Kawalu?
31. Kamakahelei
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Reference:  https://howlingpixel.com/i-en/Poomaikelani

VS.


The Truth:  Princess Poomaikelani's Families

                                     Genealogy Research


                                                        by Amelia Gora (2019), a Royal person, one of the descendants of Princess Poomaikelani, Representative of the Hawaiian Genealogical Society, House of Nobles member, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs


The names used by Poomaikelani/Princess Poomaikelani were:



A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoholoku/Kapoolohu/Kapooloku/Victoria/ Poomaikelani

Poomaikelani
Princess Po ʻ omaikelani. Main Image
Princess Poomaikelani.

Poʻomaikelani
Princess of Hawaii
Poomaikelani2.jpg
SpouseHiram Kahanawai
Full name
Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani
HouseHouse of Kalakaua
FatherKūhiō Kalanianaʻole
MotherKinoiki Kekaulike
BornApril 7, 1839
HiloHawaiʻi
DiedOctober 2, 1895 (aged 56)
Kalihi ValleyOʻahu
BurialOctober 3, 1895
Mauna Ala Royal Mausoleum

Virginia Kapoʻoloku Poʻomaikelani (1839–1895) was a member of the royal family of the Kingdom of Hawaii.

Life[edit]


Princess Poʻomaikelani.


1839

She was born at Piʻihonua, HiloHawaiʻi Islandon April 7, 1839, the second daughter ofPrincess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauaʻi and High Chief Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole of Hilo.[1] She was the granddaughter of Kaumualiʻi, the last king of the island of Kauaʻi before being ceded to the unifiedHawaiian Islands governed by Kamehameha I. She was also the stepdaughter of Queen Regent Kaʻahumanu.
She was elder sister of Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulikeand younger sister of Queen Kapiʻolani, who married to King Kalākaua. Some sources give her different first names; for example Esther, Abigail or even Victoria. The situation was that the three sisters rarely used their Christian names.
Poʻomaikelani served as one of Queen Emma's trusted ladies-in-waiting for many years, but left Emma's employment to join her brother-in-law's court.[2] 
Abigaila's/Kapapoko/Kapooloku/Poomaikelani's Private Life
A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoholoku/Kapapoko/ Kapoolohu/Kapooloku/ Poomaikelani/ Princess Poomaikelani was the true daughter of Kinoiki and Kuhio.  Her sister's were Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani, Kinoiki 2/Princess Kinoiki, and brother Kapali/ Kapaliuweloa.

She was a hanai/adopted daughter of Simeona Luluhiwalani/S. Luluhiwalani and Kalola (female) the next-of-kin of Bernice Pauahi.  Kalola (female) was a true cousin, and became a stepsister of Bernice Pauahi because Abner Paki, brother of Kalaniulumoku (Kalola's true father) became her father after taking Kalaniulumoku's widow Kakainalii as his wife in 1838.

Abner Paki died in 1855 and left his widows Konia, and Kakainalii with his children:  Bernice Pauahi, Kalola (female), Kaluaikau (female), and Alapai, son.  His hanai/adopted daughter was Kaeha/Kamakaeha/Makaeha/Lydia/Liliuokalani who later became Queen Liliuokalani.

Kalola (female) and her husband Simeona Luluhiwalani/S. Luluhiwalani/Luluhiwalani had son Kahekili/Alapai Kahekili/Alapai Kahekili Luluhiwalani and hanai/adopted daughter: Kapoholoku/
Kapapoko/A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoolohu/Kapooloku/Poomaikelani 

Kapoholoku/Kapapoko/ A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoolohu/Kapooloku/Poomaikelani married Kahekili/Alapai Kahekili/Alapai Kahekili Luluhiwalani and his wife Kahananui's son named Ioela.

Ioela and Kapoholoku/ A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoolohu/ Kapooloku/ Poomaikelani had Haili (female).

Note:  Ioba/Ioba Kaiokaili and  Kapoholoku/Kapapoko/A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoolohu/Kapooloku/ Poomaikelani were divorced.  Ioba/Ioba Kaiokaili maintained that his wife left him in 1862.

Although Ioba/Ioba Kaiokaili was listed as the father of Haili, her real father based on the dates was Ioela, son of Kahekili/Kahekili Luluhiwalani/Alapai Kahekili Luluhiwalani, who was the son of Kalola (female), stepdaughter of Abner Paki, true daughter of Abner Paki's brother name Kalaniulumoku, sons of Kalanihelemaiiluna, son of Kamehameha.

Reference:  Hooleia Probate #365, 1871, daughter of Kuakamauna, son of Peapea, son of Kamehameha.
Kahekili/Kahekili Luluhiwalani/Alapai Kahekili Luluhiwalani, who was the son of Kalola (female), stepdaughter of Abner Paki, true daughter of Abner Paki's brother name Kalaniulumoku, sons of Kalanihelemaiiluna, son of Kamehameha entered the case.

There were three sons of Kamehameha shown:  (1) Kinau, (2) Peapea, and (3) Kalanihelemaiiluna.

Note:  This Probate also verifies the fact that Bernice Pauahi was NOT the "last of the Kamehameha's" in stories/fairytales posted by Sanford B. Dole and others since 1874.

Reference:  See 1874 news article by Sanford B. Dole "Thirty Years of Hawaiian History" https://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2018/12/pirate-eyes-on-hawaii-series_26.html

A.Kahanawai Kaaha/Abigail Kahanawai/Abigail Kaaha/Kapoholoku/Kapoolohu/Kapooloku/Poomaikelani and Hiram Kahanawai Kaaha no children

View the extracted text  View the scanned image Deaths - Probates Index - First Circuit : page 17 [Kaae - Kaanaaua]
kaaha and Hiram Kahanawai    1327
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
Probate 1327:  Kaaha son: Hirama Kahanawai/Hiram Kahanawai guardian:  W.L. Moehonua on May 29, 1852.  His wife was Kaunuohua who died in 1849.
Kaaha's older son/nephew became his administrator.  S. Kuluwailehua true son of his older brother:  Kanaloa.

"Mrs. Abigail Maikai" had interest in Kaunuohua (w) property - see:  Bureau of Conveyances Liber 44 page 252, 1875, Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii.  W.L. Moehonua's last wife was Malie K. Moehonua, Bureau of Conveyances Liber 49 page 131, 1867.

"Hiram Kahanawai Kaaha and his wife Poomaikelani deed Hanapepe land to Kapiolani Kalakaua on 10/24/1870.  See THE KING'S MAHELE under Kaaha page 82, by Dorothy Barrere.

Abigaila/Apigela/Apikaila

View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Kauaʻi Island - 1826-1910 : page 1 [Aa - Ah]
Abigela see Apigela
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Kauaʻi Island - 1826-1910 : page 5 [Apela - Belles]
Apigela (Abigela) - Koolua (k) 1-14-1854 Waimea K-12(1):7 ; K-13:3
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Kauaʻi Island - 1826-1910 : page 65 [Koolua - Kuaiwa]
Koolua (k) - Apigela (Abigela) 1-14-1854 Waimea K-12(1):7 ; K-13:3
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Kauaʻi Island - 1826-1910 : page 97 [Nawaipililua - Nika]
Nika (k) - Apigela 8-11-1847 Waimea K-10(2):20
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]

1849

Abigaila Maikai/ /Abigail married J.W.E. Maikai   no children

View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Oʻahu Island - 1832-1910 - Volume 1 : page 20 [Apapau - Araujo]
Apikaila - Maikai (k) 4-17-1849 Honolulu O-32:63
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Divorces - First Circuit : page 118 [Maholelani - Makahanohano]
Maikai S I v A K Maikai (w)    2230
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image 




1853

Kapapoko/ Kapapoko Kuluwailehua/A. Kuluwailehua  married Kuluwailehua/Kuluailehua  child: Alapai (female)



View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Hawaiʻi Island - 1832-1910 : page 212 [Kapalii - Kapeelani]
Kapapoko - Kekoa (k) 5-3-1853 Kau H-14b, p.17 , 19
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Hawaiʻi Island - 1832-1910 : page 271 [Kekoa - Kekopa]
Kekoa (k) - Kapapoko 5-3-1853 Kau H-14b, p.17 ,19
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]

1857

Apikaka husband Ioba (Kaiokaili/I. Kaiokaili)

Ioba (Joba) (k) - Apikaka (Abishag?)4-10-1857LahainaM-59:3
Divorced

View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Maui Island - 1842-1910 : page 21 [Ichiriu - Ipunaba]
Ioba (Joba) (k) - Apikaka (Abishag?
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Divorces - First Circuit : page 29 [Aa - Ah]
Abekaila (w) ad J Kaiokaili (k)    1485
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
View the extracted text  View the scanned image Divorces - First Circuit : page 72 [Kailiuli - Kaiolawe]
Kaiokaili J (k) v Abekaila (w)     1485
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]
1859

Abigaila Luluhiwalani husband Ioela child:  Haili (female), Luisa/Luika (female)

View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Oʻahu Island - 1832-1910 - Volume 1 : page 2 [Abdullah - Aea]
Abigala - Ioela (k) 4-27-1859 Honolulu O-32:232
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]



1864

Poomaikelani Kai husband Kai/Kekai stepson:  Abraham Kekai

View the extracted text  View the scanned image Marriages - Hawaiʻi Island - 1832-1910 : page 444 [Pookulou - Popoloau]
Poomaikelani - Kai (k) 9-4-1864 Hilo H-24, p.77
[ extracted text ] [ scanned image ]




  Princess Poomaikelani 


Her sister's husband became the king of Hawaiʻi in 1874 and she was granted the title of Princess and style of Her Royal Highness, in 1883 during Kalākaua's coronation. 

She married Hiram Kahanwai in 1874, a cousin of King Kalākaua and a former steward of Queen Emma. 

She was made Governor of Hawaiiʻi island in 1884 by her brother-in-law and was paid an annual salary of 3500 dollars per year.[3] She also served as President of the Board of Health in 1887.[4]

She was Guardian of the Royal Tombs at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii from October 15, 1888 until her death. Kalākaua appointed her as president of the Board of Genealogy of Hawaiian Chiefs. Poʻomaikelani was kahili bearer during Kalākaua's official coronation.[5]


Death of a Princess


1885


Suffering from paralysis in her right leg, Poʻomaikelani had been largely incapacitated for the last ten years of her life having to be carried about, especially to service at St. Andrew's Cathedral where she regularly attended. Her condition worsen over the years until she was unable to leave her house. 

1895

She died at Kalihi Valley, Oahu, October 2, 1895, aged 56, two years after Queen Liliʻuokalani was overthrown. The cause of death was heart failure. After a funeral service at St. Andrew's, she was interred in the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii.[6][7][8] In 1910, after the completion of the separate


Kalākaua Crypt, her casket was moved there from the main mausoleum building along with other members of the Kalākaua Dynasty.[9] 

SUMMARY

Princess Poomaikelani died in 1895, after the criminal dethronement of Queen Liliuokalani.
Princess Poomaikelani had two (2) sister:  Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani who married Bennet Namakeha and had an adopted son named Kahanu.  Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani married David Kalakaua/King Kalakaua.
Her second sister was Kinoiki 2 who married David Piikoi.  They had three (3) sons:  David Kawananakoa, Abnel, and Kuhio Kalanianaole.
Her brother was Kapali/Kapaliuweloa who was adopted by Kamehameha's descendants/Royal Family members.
She had left her lands to her sister Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani to take care of.  
Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani was the hanai/adopted daughter of Kaluakini/Luakini who married Kawahineahanui, and Haili (female) the daugher of Princess Poomaikelani.
Kaluakini/Luakini was sent to Kalaupapa, Molokai as a leper.  His wife Haili (female) the daughter of Princess Poomaikelani went as a "kokua", a helper who had to submit to leprosy experimentation if she wanted to stay with her husband.
Kaluakini/Luakini and his wife Haili (female) gave their children up for adoption to his mother and a younger relative named Kaopu/Kaopumomona.
All four (4) parties transferred all their interest in lands, etc. to their children.
Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani gave the lands to Prince Kuhio, and Prince Kawananakoa with directions to file the deed after her death.  Both Princes filed the deed right away instead of listening to her instructions.
Kapiolani/Queen Kapiolani took them to court and opposed their filing on record.  The court sided with the Princes Kuhio and Kawananakoa who were conspirators and treasonous persons.  
The two (2) Princes had also claimed that their mother was Poomaikelani. They disregarded the facts that Princess Poomaikelani had children and stepchildren. They defrauded their own cousins. 
Prince Abnel alone was documented as a hanai/adopted son but died at age 18.
The true mother of Princes Kuhio, Abnel, and Kawananakoa was Kinoiki 2 /Princess Kinoiki.
Identity theft is another serious issue which shows that both Prince Kuhio and Kawananakoa moved to claim lands which did not belong to them, and the perpetuation of fraud continues with their descendants, including Abigail Kawananakoa formerly Ellerbrock, Quentin Kawananakoa formerly Lambert, et. als.
Reference:  https://www.forbes.com/sites/trialandheirs/2017/08/17/royal-hawaiian-heiress-in-midst-of-ugly-court-battle-over-her-200-million-trust/#4a4affe53d7e

The point is Princess Poomaikelani has descendants including myself and our Royal Family's who are direct descendants of Kamehameha found in research.
The Kawanakoa's, and the Kuhio's have been placed on the Genocide Activities Report at the Honolulu Police Department, the Judicial Tribunal of the Hawaiian Kingdom, etc.
As true owners of our Royal Family lands, including lands of Princess Poomaikelani, the exposure of the frauds found through research gives reasons why the Kawananakoa's, et. als. owes our Pono Royal Families much monies for their identity theft, lies, frauds, racketeering disregarding the true owners.
The Kawananakoa's are blatant criminals who have collaborated, conspired, maliciously claimed lands, assets, etc. not belonging to them.
The Kawananakoa's are documented treasonous persons by supporting illegal aliens in the Hawaiian Islands, etc.
Tutu's watch, and God Watches.

aloha.





Reference:

https://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2018/12/pirate-eyes-on-hawaii-series_26.html
wikipedia
genealogy research by Amelia Gora

Wednesday, December 26, 2018


*Pirate Eyes on Hawaii Series: Conspirator, Liar Sanford B. Dole in the "Thirty Days of Hawaiian History" vs. the Researched Truth by Amelia Gora (2018)

* Pirate Eyes on Hawaii Series: Conspirator, Liar Sanford B. Dole in the "Thirty Days of Hawaiian History" vs. the Researched Truth 

                                                by Amelia Gora (2018)


The documented conspiracies by Pirates have been uncovered showing a concerted effort by many including Sanford B. Dole/Sandford B. Dole whose part was to defraud the Royal Families through genealogies.

Dole engaged in manipulating genealogies and eliminating Royal Families by failing to bring out members of the Royal Families documented in Probates.

Dole was but one of the many conspirators who worked under the direction of John Foster, Secretary of State of the United States who exposed the players, conspirators from the United States under U.S. President Benjamin Harrison's time in office.

Other players included "Kamehameha" a pen name used by Reverend Sereno Bishop, and former U.S. General Alfred S. Hartwell who was appointed by Kamehameha V - Lot Kamehameha upon his arrival in Hawaii.

References:



1874 - The beginning of the lies that Lot Kamehameha/Kamehameha V was "the last of the Kamehameha's":


The Pacific commercial advertiser. (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, January 03, 1874, Image 2

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015418/1874-01-03/ed-1/seq-2/


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The Pacific commercial advertiser. (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, January 10, 1874, Image 2

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015418/1874-01-10/ed-1/seq-2/


Page

Note:
William Charles Lunalilo was part of the House of Nobles and others had no say in his selection.  The Sovereign and the House of Nobles were the permanent parts of the three (3) part government.  Those who were not part of the Royal Families had no say.  The choice of Sovereign was basically based on the words of the Royal Families.
What Sanford B. Dole failed to reveal was that William Charles Lunalilo was the son of Kekauluohi/Auhea who was one of the widows of Kamehameha; and Kamehameha II - Liholiho.B
Kekauluohi/Auhea was also a stepmother of all of the Kamehameha's, including Kamehameha II - Liholiho; Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli; Nahienaena et. als.  She was also the hanai/adopted mother of Hueu Davis; Kale Davis; and Peke Davis.  She was also the stepmother of Kalaniopuu's and Kaumualii's children. 
For example, William Charles Lunalilo was a stepbrother of Kamehameha II - Liholiho; Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli; Nahienaena et. als.
Bernice Pauahi Bishop, the real one, was a descendant of two (2) Kamehameha's:
                    (1)                                                                         (2)
                Kaoleioku                                                              Kalanihelemaiiluna
                     /                                                                                  /
               Konia (female)                                                          Paki/ Abner Paki 
                   /     siblings: Pauahi; Hanuna;Keola                        /   - brother:  Kalaniulumoku
                   /                                                                          /
child:    Bernice Pauahi                                                        Bernice Pauahi
hanai/adopted:  Kaeha/Kamakaeha/Makaeha/         hanai/adopted:  Kaeha/Kamakaeha/Makaeha/  
                         Liliuokalani                                                            Liliuokalani  
stepchildren:  Kalola (female)                                 stepchildren:  Kalola (female)
                     Kaluaikau (female)                                                 Kaluaikau (female)
                     Alapai, et. als.                                                       Alapai, et. als.,

Queen Emma:
She was NOT a Kamehameha descendant married to a Kamehameha descendant named Alexander Liholiho/ 
Kamehameha IV.
                                        Kamehameha
                                                /
                            daughter:  Kinau      married Mataio Kekuanaoa
                                                            /
                                                      David Kamehameha - hanai of Kaahumanu one of the wives of Kamehameha
                                                      Moses Kekuaiwa
                                                      Lot Kamehameha/Kamehameha V
                                                      Alexander Liholiho/Kamehameha IV
                                                      Victoria Kamamalu (female)
                                                      stepchildren:  Paalua
                                                      Sam Kapena
                                                      John Kapena
                                                      Umiokalani (female)

David Kalakaua:
                                         Kamehameha
                                                 /
                                        son:  Kaoleioku
                                               /
                                 son:  Hanuna  siblings:  Konia, Pauahi, Keola
                                            /
                                  son:  Kapule  siblings:  Kini, Hookahe, Poohina
                                          /
                                       Nahuina (female) siblings: Kaluahine, Kaapiipii, Kamai, Kaili, Kaakau, Nainoaalua
                                        /
             hanai/adopted: Keohokalole/Keeohokaloli married C. Kapaakea
                                                                             /
                                                               son:  David Kalakaua siblings: WP Kalahoolewa Pitt Kinau; Likelike;
                                                                                                            Kaeha/Makaeha/Kamakaeha/Liliuokalani

******************
additional references:

King Lunalilo..........His Identity Exposed, the Truth About the 1852 Constitution Revealed, Was the Only Candidate, Stepped Forward, and Allowed the People to Have a Say......

King Lunalilo..........His Identity Exposed, the Truth About the 1852 Constitution Revealed, Was the Only Candidate, Stepped Forward, and Allowed the People to Have a Say......
                                                                                         by Amelia Gora (2015)
King Lunalilo was Kamehameha's great grandson.
The following is his genealogy based on Charles Kanaina's land testimony:
Kamehameha
               /
Kinau (w) married Kamehameha II - Liholiho; Kekuanaoa/Mataio Kekuanaoa nephew of 
             /           Kamehameha
           /
David Kamehameha - his kahu/caretaker was Kaahumanu wife of Kamehameha
         /      siblings:  Paalua; Ruth Keelikolani; Moses Kaikioewa; Lot/Kamehameha V;  
        /                           Alexander
       /                           Liholiho/Kamehameha IV; Victoria Kamamalu; hanai: Bernice 
      /                              Pauahi;  
     /                             Step siblings:  John Kapena, Sam Kapena, Umiokalani (w);
    /                                         
William Charles Lunalilo - son of Kekauluohi/Auhea married to Kamehameha;  
                                          Kamehameha II;    David Kamehameha; and Charles Kanaina
                                          was also married to Miriam Kekauonohi widow of
                                          Kamehameha II; W.P. Leleiohoku; married L. Haalelea
                                          hanai/adopted sibling:  Abigail Maheha (w)
Lunalilo (PP-98-15-018).jpg
  1. Lunalilo
    Monarch
  2. Lunalilo, born William Charles Lunalilo, was monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from January 8, 1873 until February 3, 1874. He was the most liberal king in Hawaiian history, but was the shortest-reigning monarch. Wikipedia
  3. BornJanuary 31, 1835, ʻIolani Palace, Honolulu, HI
  4. DiedFebruary 3, 1874, Honolulu, HI
King Lunalilo was the son of Kamehameha's, Kamehameha II's widow; son of David Kamehameha; and stepson of Charles Kanaina.  
**********************
The following article shows a number of interesting things:
1.  Prince Lunalilo ran unopposed.
2.  Prince Lunalilo's desire was to utilize the Constition of 1852 which was Not abrogated.
3.  Prince Lunalilo became King Lunalilo rather than follow his Family's title of Kamehameha, which would have been Kamehameha VI after his uncle Lot Kamehameha/Kamehameha V.
4.  The treasonous persons, Pirates surrounding him were the same players who planned, promoted the wrongful dethronement of Queen Liliuokalani/overthrow of the Monarchy/Constitutional Monarchy government.
      They were as follows:  
      Sanford B. Dole - called the meeting.
      S.G. Wilder
      W.W. Hall
      Albert Francis Judd
      H.M. Whitney
      J.M. Kapena
      E.P. Adams
      P.C. Jones
      J.O. Carter
     J.I. Dowsett
Note:  The article was biased because the claim that all governments were by the people was simply not true.  
See the explanation of the Hawaiian Government in the Rex vs. Joseph Booth case which documents what the Hawaiian Government beginnings were, which was Not the same as the American basis to government.  The push for democracy occurred during the period of King Lunalilo's period:
For  researchers, students, teachers, et. als.:  The following utilizes the Rex vs. Joseph Booth case by Americans and their push to validating American thoughts, ideas, politics onto a Monarchy/Constitutional Monarchy government and to use their desired idea of placing Hawaiians in the Native American/American Indian category which falls under the American Empire.....however, the Kamehameha's exists with the Treaty of 1850 between the King, his heirs and successors and the United States of America which does not include others.  Treaty supersedes the State, Federal laws, etc.  and many who wish to have a say, have no say..... see: http://www.usccr.gov/congress/AkakaSupplementalHeriot.pdf

The Pacific commercial advertiser. (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, December 28, 1872, Image 2

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015418/1872-12-28/ed-1/s...

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Page 
Page 
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Reference:  http://kingsqueens-hawaii.blogspot.com/2015/08/king-lunalilo.html

1874

The Pacific commercial advertiser. (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, January 17, 1874, Image 3

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015418/1874-01-17/ed-1/seq-3/

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Note:  the "skillful genealogists" are Not named.
The year was 1872...………...the testimonies documented were in the time period of the Mahele when Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli's time.
Sanford B. Dole began the lies that there were no more Kamehameha's.
However, evidence shows otherwise.

In 1871, Probate 365, First Circuit Court, for Hooleia (female) shows that Kamehameha's descendants were alive.
In that Probate it shows three (3) of Kamehameha's sons:
            (1)                                                        (2)                                                       (3)
          Kinau                                                     Peapea                                            Kalanihelemaiiluna
            /                                                             /                                                           /
      Kekauonohi (w)                                       Kuakamauna                                       Kalaniulumoku and Paki
     siblings:  Kanakaole; Maulili                            /                                                          /                       /
         /                                                              /                                                         /                       /
   hanai/adopted:  Abigail Maheha                   Hooleia (w)                                       Kalola (w)        Bernice Pauahi
                                                                                                                               /  et. als.
                                                                                                                       Kahekili/A. Kahekili
                                                                                                                            / hanai: Kapooloku (w)
                                                                                                                      Ioela (k) married Kapooloku (w)
                                                                                                                         /
                                                                                                                      Haili (w) married Kaluakini
                                                                                                                       /   siblings
                                                                                                          Elikapeka Kaimiola Kaluakini married
                                                                                                                      /       Joseph Gora
                                                                                                                     /  siblings
                                                                                                              John Gora married Mary Castro
                                                                                                                   /   siblings
                                                                                                          Amelia Gora and siblings

1874 

The Pacific commercial advertiser. (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, January 24, 1874, Image 3

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015418/1874-01-24/ed-1/seq-3/

Page

Note:  
David Kalakaua claimed that Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli was going to sign the Hawaiian Kingdom over to the United States.  He gave a warning that the 1852 Constitution was not good, when Alexander Liholiho/ Kamehameha IV desired the return of the 1852 Constitution which was also the goal of King William Lunalilo.

The Pacific commercial advertiser. (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1856-1888, January 31, 1874, Image 3

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015418/1874-01-31/ed-1/seq-3/

Note:
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Conspirator, liar Sanford B. Dole documented that the "Hawaiians have no ancestral crown" during the time of King Lunalilo when he was indeed a Kamehameha descendant.  King Lunalilo was a sibling of all of the Kamehameha's also because his mother Kekauluohi/Auhea was a widow of Kamehameha I, Kamehameha II - Liholiho, and Charles Kanaina who was also married to Kekauonohi/Miriam Kekauonohi, a daughter of Kinau son of Kamehameha I, who was also married to Kealiiahonui, Levi Haalelea.
Conspirator, liar Sanford B. Dole's part in the conspiracy was to lie about the genealogies of the Royal Families.

Hawaii holomua = Progress. (Honolulu) 1893-1895, June 04, 1894, Image 2

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016410/1894-06-04/ed-1/seq-2/

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1915

Honolulu star-bulletin. (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii) 1912-current, January 12, 1915, 3:30 Edition, Page FOUR, Image 4

Image provided by University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, HI

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014682/1915-01-12/ed-2/seq-4/

Page

aloha.




References:

  1. Premeditation Evidence: American Civil War Generals on ...

    iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/07/premeditation-evidence...
    Jul 10, 2017 · The above American Civil War Generals have been uncovered in the Hawaiian Islands. This is evidence of premeditation, conspiracies, piracy etc. Research incomplete.
  2. PARASITES IN PARADISE: American Civil War Generals In the ...

    iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/01/parasites-in-paradise...
    Jan 29, 2017 · PARASITES IN PARADISE: American Civil War Generals In the Hawaiian Islands Documented PARASITES IN PARADISE. ... View Discussions; researched by Amelia Gora (2017) The following American Civil War Generals were found in the Hawaiian Islands: 1) General Marshall. 2) General Armstrong/General Samuel Armstrong ... (John Foster Dulles ...
  3. Amelia Gora-Kanaka Maoli Truth : American Civil War Losers ...

    amelia-gora.blogspot.com/2017/12/american-civil-war-losers-and...
    Dec 11, 2017 · Email address removed">amelia gora (517 posts) Mililani, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii 3/13/2006 (21:42) delete edit reply top Response to message 1 written by amelia gora part 3 of 3: Thomas Paine was an early writer who influenced Thomas Jefferson in writing the DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
  4. EVIDENCE: WHY THE ENTITY STATE OF HAWAII IS NOT ... - …

    https://www.opednews.com/Diary/EVIDENCE-WHY-THE-ENTITY-S-by-Amelia...
    Amelia Gora Social Media Pages: Go To Commenting The views expressed herein are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of this website or its editors.
  5. Diary: EVIDENCE: WHY THE ENTITY ... - Home: Main | OpEdNews

    https://www.opednews.com/Diary/EVIDENCE-WHY-THE-ENTITY-S-by-Amelia...
    Amelia Gora, a Royal person, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs, Royal Families House of Nobles, one of the Representatives of the Hawaiian Genealogy Society ... House of Kamehameha - CompWisdom
  1. IOLANI - The Royal Hawk: Facebook Posts: Hawaiian Kingdom ...

    iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2018/06/facebook-posts-hawaiian...
    Jun 16, 2018 · Yet, in this 4 May 1893 letter of Rev. Sereno Bishop, one of the most vociferous annexationists, he writes: "Mr. Blount continues to inspire confidence in himself and the result of his work, although occasionally a circumstance [ ] a doubt.
  2. More Alodio Titles Information -Includes Kamehameha III ...

    iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2017/10/more-alodio-titles...
    Oct 06, 2017 · More Alodio Titles Information -Includes Kamehameha III Deeds, etc. IMPORTANT DOCS THAT OUR PEOPLE SHOULD KEEP - Copy, Save, and Share with your Ohana, et. als. Posted by Amelia Gora on February 6, 2016 at 4:36am in Politics
  3. News from the Hawaiian Kingdom: Judicial Tribunal No. 17

    hawaiiankingdomnews.blogspot.com/2015/11/judicial-tribunal-no-17.html
    Nov 12, 2015 · Posted by Amelia Gora on October 6, 2015 at 11:01pm in Politics View Discussions Hawaiian Kingdom Records Nos. 2015-1006 Matters of the Treaty which supersedes State Laws, etc.
  4. Sereno Edwards Bishop - Wikipedia

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sereno_Edwards_Bishop
    Sereno Edwards Bishop (February 7, 1827 – March 23, 1909) was a scientist, Presbyterian minister and publisher. He was an avid proponent of the United States annexation of the Hawaiian Islands, and aligned himself with the political faction who overthrew the monarchy under Liliuokalani
https://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2018/12/pirate-eyes-on-hawaii-series-judge-as.html

Sunday, December 16, 2018



Pirate Eyes on Hawaii Series: Judge A.S. Hartwell/General A. S. Hartwell Conspiracies Through the Cable Company as President , etc. 1891

The Seattle post-intelligencer. (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, January 29, 1891, Page 2, Image 2

Image provided by Washington State Library; Olympia, WA

Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1891-01-29/ed-1/seq-2/


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https://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/…/pirate-eyes-on-h… SUMMARY OF CONSPIRATOR, LIAR Sanford B. Dole vs. the Researched Truth ...a keeper, share far and wide.....


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Pirate Eyes on Hawaii Series: Conspirator, Liar Sanford B. Dole in the "Thirty Days of Hawaiian History" vs. the Researched Truth ...
https://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/…/crimes-against-p… Crimes Against a neutral, friendly, non violent nation Hawaii....Use as Case Precedence? HINT HINT...…...one of our cousins suggested this....



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Amelia Gora News about Crimes Against Peace At Nuremberg Trials
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What were the Nuremberg Trials?
The Nuremberg trials were a series of military tribunals held by the ... Albert Speer: Was sentenced to 20 years in prison for crimes against peace and humanity. Hitler's close friend and favorite arc...
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Nuremberg Trials: What were the crimes?
://www.history.ucsb.edu/.../nurembg/NurembergCrimes.htm

§ Crimes against peace: “namely, planning, preparation, initiation, or waging a war of aggression, or a war in violation of international treaties, agreements or assurances, or participation in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of any of the foregoing” (Calvocoressi 30)…
Goering at The Trials · Trial: Introduction · Course Page · Trial Judgement · Authors · Projects Page
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Nuremberg and the Crime Against Peace
openscholarship.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi......
527 NUREMBERG AND THE CRIME AGAINST PEACE ROGER S. CLARK∗ INTRODUCTION Article 5 (1) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (“ICC”) states that the “crime of aggression” is one of the four “crimes
Published in:
Washington University Global Studies Law Review · 2007
Authors:
Roger S Clark
Affiliation:
Washington University in St Louis
About:
War crime · International law · Nuremberg trials
Crime against peace - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_against_peace

OverviewDefinitionKellogg-Briand PactNuremberg PrinciplesUnited Nations CharterU.S. laws of war

A crime against peace, in international law, is "planning, preparation, initiation, or waging of wars of aggression, or a war in violation of international treaties, agreements or assurances, or participation in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of any of the foregoing". This definition of crimes against peace was first incorporated into the Nuremberg Principles and later included in the United Nations Charter. This definition would play a part in defining aggression as a crime
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Nuremberg and Crimes against Peace
https://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi......
30 John F. Murphy, Crimes Against Peace at the Nuremberg Trial, in THE NUREMBERG TRIAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW 141, 152 (George Ginsburgs & V.N. Kurdiavtsev eds., 1990). 31 TRIAL OF THE MAJOR WAR CRIMINALS, supra note 21, at 427.
Videos of crimes against peace at nuremberg trials
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Nuremberg Day 1 Indictments
YouTube · 6/16/2009 · 9.8K views

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The Nuremburg War Crimes Trials
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Nuremberg trials in Nuremberg Germany shows several Nazi warm criminals at trial. HD Stock Footage
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Crimes Against Peace | Crimes Against Peace
www.crimesagainstpeace.org/crimes-against-peace-article

Crimes Against Peace By Allen Ferguson, JD, MFA “To initiate a war of aggression,” the Nuremberg Tribunal said, “is not only an international crime; it is the supreme international crime,” for “it contains within itself the accumulated evil of the whole.”
Nuremberg Trials - HISTORY
https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/nuremberg-trials

Jan 29, 2010 · Watch video · The defendants, who included Nazi Party officials and high-ranking military officers along with German industrialists, lawyers and doctors, were indicted on such charges as crimes against peace ...
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Nuremberg Trials: Largest War Crimes Trials Ever ...
www.learning-history.com › Wars › World War II

The format of the Nuremberg trials was a mixture of legal traditions according to the British and American law but the decisions were imposed by a tribunal rather than a single judge and a jury. The Crimes: The London Charter defined three categories of crimes: crimes against the peace, war crimes and crime against humanity.
The Nuremberg Trials: The International Military Tribunal ...
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-nuremberg-trials-the...

The crimes outlined at Nuremberg, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggressive war (or crimes against peace), are three of the four crimes allowed to be prosecuted by the International ...
The Influence of the Nuremberg Trial on International ...
https://www.roberthjackson.org/speech.../the-influence-of...

By introducing the new principles of Crimes Against Peace and Crimes Against Humanity, Nuremberg effectively fathered a globalized concern towards certain attitudes in war and, by extension, for the rights of all human beings suffering the effects of certain modes of violence.
The Nuremberg Trials - The Nazis brought to justice
https://arcturuspublishing.com/view/nuremberg-trials

Involving over a hundred defendants, the Nuremberg Trials took place between 1945 and 1946 and broke new ground. Twenty-one Nazi leaders were charged with crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity – and with having a common plan or conspiracy to commit those crimes.
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