The American Lawyers Twisted/ Manipulated Kamehameha III's Deeds For Their Purposes
or
A Challenge In Exposing Fraud, Corruption from the
Twisted/Conspiring American Lawyers
Reviewed by Amelia Gora (2018)
The following article posted in 1864 shows the American Lawyers/pirates/pillagers/operatives entered in the court case which moved from Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli's directions to one that is twisted/manipulated to suit themselves.
The basic truth is that the Crown Lands were for himself, his heirs and successors, forever. See also the Government lands:
The characters, American Lawyers added stretches to their opinions about the matters when in reality they had no say.
Judge George Morison Robertson adjudicated the Estate of Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho case in 1864. The following is his background:
George Morison Robertson* | February 16, 1864 | March 12, 1867[14] |
George Morison Robertson was born on February 26, 1821, at Huntly, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. His parents were John Robertson and Anne Morison. At the age of fifteen, he settled in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada with his older brother.[1][2][3]
Robertson arrived in Hawaii in 1844 aboard the British whaling ship Peruvian. He was discharged and settled in Honolulu where he worked as a clerk in the firm of Skinner & Company. There he caught the attention of Robert Crichton Wyllie, a Scottish expatriate and Minister of Foreign Affairs, who recommended him to Hawaiian government where he worked as Wyllie's assistant in the foreign ministry and later as a cashier and bookkeeper in the treasury department under Finance Minister Gerrit P. Judd.[3] In July 1848, he briefly served as interim or acting Minister of the Interior in the absence of Interior Minister Keoni Ana.[4]
In 1849, he briefly took part in the California Gold Rush but returned without much success after a year to permanently settle in Hawaii and accept an appointment as a member of the Board of Commissioners to Quiet Land Titles succeeding Samuel Kamakau. This body was a government committee in charge of settling or quieting land claims of the Great Māhele. During his tenure from 1850 to 1855, he was responsible for the awarding of many of the present land titles in Hawaii and the distribution of kuleana lands to the commoners.[1][2][5][6] At the same time, he would also serve as circuit court judge of the island of Hawaii and police court judge for Honolulu.[2]
Robertson was also elected as a member of the House of Representatives in the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1851 to 1859.[4] The legislative election of 1851 was the first in Hawaii in which direct suffrage was introduced and Robertson and another naturalized foreigner Thomas Charles Byde Rooke were able to defeat the other Native Hawaiian candidates for the representative seats in the district of Kona in Honolulu despite the fact that a majority of the ballot cast were Hawaiians.[7][8][9][10] He served as the Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1852 to 1859.[11]
"Robertson was appointed to the Supreme Court of Hawaii in 1855 to succeed Lorrin Andrews. He served as the first Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Hawaii from January 1, 1855 to December 24, 1863. He briefly left his justice seat to serve in the cabinet of King Kamehameha V as his Minister of the Interior from December 24, 1863 to February 16, 1864. However, unable to find a suitable replacement for his justice bench, the king reappointed him to the Supreme Court from February 16, 1864 to his death on March 12, 1867.[4][12]
On April 11, 1865, King Kamehameha V made him a Knight Commander of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I.[4]"
Another Alien came into town, an American operative setting up a devious plot with others.
His name was Alfred S Hartwell. His manipulations affected the Crown Lands then and today.
The following are bits of information extracted from the above court case 20 years after Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli died.
Important information is added to give a fuller picture of what happened in the past affecting today's Aliens who move based on a fraudulent set up by a conspiring Judge Robertson, Judge Hartwell:
January 1848 - Mahele Book - Buke Kakau Paa no ka mahele aina I Hooholoia i waena o Kamehameha III a me Na Lii a me Na Konohiki ana signed/approved by Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli.
March 8, 1848 - Judge Robertson in Court Case Affecting the Crown Lands, etc. said: "object that he signed and sealed in the Mahele Book....we think the Attorney General (William Lee) was mistaken …"
Note: An Alien making a judgement over a Sovereigns documents. Judge Alfred S. Hartwell should have been removed immediately based on fraud....Article XIV of the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States.
June 7, 1848 - Deeds to the Crown Lands and the Government Lands were made. See the evidence below in the reference section.
Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli documented that the Crown lands were for "himself, his heirs, and successors, forever.".
August 19, 1850 - Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli documented: "The Treaty negotiated in Washington, on the 20th of December, 1849, was ratified by me on the 19th of August, 1850."
May 12, 1851 - Kamehameha III's - Kauikeaouli's Speech to the Legislature dated May 6, 1851:
"The Treaty negotiated in Washington, on the 20th of December, 1849, was ratified by me on the 19th of August, 1850."
Note: Zachary Taylor had signed the Treaty before he died.
"The Resolutions, passed in December, 1849, granting to my Subjects, engaged in the cultivation of the soil, Allodial Titles to the portions they occupied, confirmed by the Act of the 6th of August last, and the Act of the 10th of July, 1850, allowing to Aliens to acquire and convey lands, in fee simple...".
1855 - 1864 - Robertson was appointed to the Supreme Court of Hawaii in 1855 to succeed Lorrin Andrews. He served as the first Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Hawaii from January 1, 1855 to December 24, 1863.
1864 - Robertson was reappointed to the Supreme Court from February 16, 1864. Note: Robertson died on March 12, 1867.[4][12]
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Morison_Robertson
June 4, 1864: Judge Robertson presided in the Estate of Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho affecting the Crown Lands lands of Kamehameha V and Queen Emma.
It was determined that Queen Emma inherited 1/2
and Kamehameha V inherited Kamehameha IV's property
Note: Queen Kalama had transferred her interest in the Crown Lands to Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho. Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho died intestate.
The attorney general of Kamehameha V "contended" that Kamehameha III's reserved to himself in the "grand division of 1848 were to descend forever to the heirs and
successors on the throne, as a Royal Domain annexed to the Hawaiian Crown, and they are not subject even to the right of dower."
Discussion:
Judge George Robertson was one of the Board of Commissioners to Quiet Land Titles and convoluted the facts about lands in the Hawaiian Islands.
'On the other hand, ….the act of the 8th of March 1848....the act declared the lands to be for Kamehameha III's heirs and assigns
Note: notice the usage of "heirs and assigns" then notice that the deeds shows that the Crown lands were for "himself, his heirs, and successors, forever".
notice the manipulation of words.
His version of the Crown Lands were that it belonged forever to the heirs and successors on the throne. Note that Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli documented that it was form himself, his heirs and successors, forever. Referral to a great division was made. Note that the mahele means a sharing, not a great division.
An Alien making a judgement over a Sovereigns documents. Judge Robertson should have been removed immediately based on fraud....Article XIV of the 1849/1850 Treaty of the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States.
Other Judges In Hawaii
American Civil War General, Harvard graduate, brother-in-law of active participants of planners to dethrone Queen Liliuokalani named Alfred S. Hartwell maneuvered to defraud, injure the Royal Families and all kanaka maoli/kanaka Hawaii maoli upon his arrival in the Hawaiian Islands.
September 30, 1868 - American Civil War General A.S. Hartwell arrived in Hawaii and was immediately appointed to be a Judge by Kamehameha V - Lot Kamehameha.
Note: Hartwell arrived 20 years After the deeds of the Sovereign His Majesty Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli signed the deeds for the Crown lands. The Deeds were made by Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli the King of the Hawaiian Islands.
Noting Alfred S. Hartwell's ongoing invasion in the affairs of the Royal Families matters:
1893 - Alfred S. Hartwell was interviewed and claimed that Queen Liliuokalani no hereditary, no reserved rights. But, Queen Liliuokalani was indeed part of the Kamehameha Dynasty. See article:
Liar Alfred S. Hartwell - U.S. Military Operative, American Civil War General, Hawaiian Kingdom Judge, Attorney General, brother in law of William O. Smith or the Usurpers Revealed
1895 - Alfred S. Hartwell wrote the abdication documents for Queen Liliuokalani.
Note: Duress, stress, usurpation, coercion, intimidation by a War Dog Hartwell nulls and voids all contracts/illegal contracts/criminal setups...…..from an elderly woman who destroyed the Constitution which returned the Hawaiian Kingdom to the earlier constitution of 1864 of Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho who wished to have the 1852 Constitution back in place.
SUMMARY
The twisted legalese, the mixed up chronological events of the Crown lands and Government lands first introduced in the legislature then followed up by Kamehameha III's deeds were viewed as erroneous by Liar George Morison Robertson and others including: Liar Alfred S. Hartwell - U.S. Military Operative, American Civil War General, Hawaiian Kingdom Judge, Attorney General, brother in law of William O. Smith or the Usurpers Revealed.
George Morison Robertson twisted the facts and changed words such as heirs and successors to heirs and assigns, etc.
He claimed that the Crown Lands heirs and successors meant the successor to the throne. He also claimed that the lands were Fee Simple, not alodio/allodial. Note: Judge Robertson obviously saw the possibilities of maneuvering through the legal system. See Kamehameha III's speech of 1851 ...only kanaka maoli/kanaka Hawaii maoli were given alodio/allodial titles. Fee Simple or 30 years leases were for Aliens. Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli declared that the Crown Lands were for himself, his heirs and successors, forever. Note: himself = his lands which would go to his heirs and successors; heirs= descendants/heirs or his documented children: 2 deceased with Queen Kalama; Albert Kunuiakea= son with Gini Lahilahi; Opunui, Kekipi, Kahalaoa, Keawe, Mahoe, Papa, and Nalimu with Kekualoa/Kekua/Kuahine; hanai: Alexander Liholiho/Kamehameha IV; Hueu Davis; Kale Davis; Peke Davis; and his successors included: all of Kalaniopuu's, Kamehameha's, Kamehameha III's; Kaumualii's; Kalanimoku/Kalaimoku's children; stepchildren; hanai/adopted children; his stepmother Akahi's children; stepchildren; and hanai/adopted children. Fraud, Corruption Uncovered Judge George Morison Robertson convoluted, entered fraud on the records and the other Judges followed suit. The Judges perpetuated frauds which was set in place by Robertson who set a case precedence in the court records. The information in the case was based on fraudulent, incorrect information, and started the moves to defraud the heirs AND successors of Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli. Robertson was a conspirator followed by the successor conspiring judges.
This is probably the most disgusting moves found uncovering the deceptions, and conspiracies by a foreign governments move to usurp the Sovereigns in the Hawaiian Islands.
This is evidence of convoluting, exercises in fraud, criminal usurpation of Sovereign authority by Aliens infiltrating in the rights of a Sovereign who did not have to give anything to anyone. This is evidence of conspiracies against a neutral, friendly, non-violent nation by those who entered the Hawaiian Kingdom from a nation which developed from squatters, invasions upon innocent people labelled the American Indians. Note: Early Americans were the cast outs of the English Society and formed out of 13 penal colonies, Massive killings, Massive slaves maintained, attacking aSovereign who passed the anti-slavery law as documented in the Constitution of 1852. The Americans passed their anti-slavery law 13 years later or in 1865 after the assassination of U.S. President Lincoln who recognized and was friendly to our Hawaiian Nation. Judge Robertson died in March 1867 and other Judges followed who continued the frauds, perpetuating lies over time. The Judges leading up to the criminal dethronement of Queen Liliuokalani are as follows:
An American Civil War General named Alfred S. Hartwell on assignment who became a Judge soon after his arrival in the Hawaiian Islands is an issue from the beginning of his entry in a neutral, friendly, non-violent nation. The study of each of the characters involved in the conspiracy against the Sovereigns of the Hawaiian Kingdom will affirm the facts that conspiracies have been present before and after Alfred Hartwell a war dog entered into neutral Hawaiian Kingdom. The Crown Lands and Government Deeds are superior to the interpretations of those who perpetuate crimes, injuries upon the Royal Families and kanaka maoli/kanaka Hawaii maoli. Contrary to the opinion of Alfred S. Hartwell, Queen Liliuokalani was part of the Kamehameha Dynasty, including her brother King David Kalakaua who befriended conspiring fools moving to usurp a neutral, friendly, non-violent nation. Abuse of the elderly can be pointed out with Queen Liliuokalani. Placing her, and kanaka maoli/kanaka Hawaii maoli under stress, duress, usurpation, coercion, intimidation, etc. nulls and voids all contracts, etc. Sad that Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli said that someone poisoned him....he died shortly after. Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho suspected to die of poison, as well as Kamehameha V - Lot Kamehameha; King Lunalilo died after experimental tuberculosis Doctor Arning arrived....King Kalakaua was murdered, and Queen Liliuokalani's death resulted in her remains being conveyed to Aliens, identity thieves, the fraud trustees of 1909 gave the Queen's remains, her possessions, and her home - Washington Place to the identity thieves. They were part of the Americans working behind the scenes named Alfred S. Hartwell/ Liar Alfred S. Hartwell - U.S. Military Operative, American Civil War General, Hawaiian Kingdom Judge, Attorney General, brother in law of William O. Smith or the Usurpers Revealed for all to see.
A total breakdown of all of the 53+ U.S. false flag operations must be made and the Hawaiian Kingdom must be added to the numbers.
These operations engaged in by conspirators are documented in both the 1849-1850 Treaty of the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States, article XIV, and the recent Hawaiian Kingdom Supreme Court cases showing conspiracies, premeditation activities by the usurpers of Queen Liliuokalani who were active planners in criminally affecting a neutral, friendly, non-violent nation.
Research incomplete.
Something stinks and I know it's not me....
aloha.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQ0aUHuxNF8&index=13&list=RDLV5qNZox4T8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhibLQFebpQ&list=RDLV5qNZox4T8&index=5
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV5qNZox4T8&list=RDLV5qNZox4T8&start_radio=1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8DXLkgr3LYQ&index=21&list=RDLV5qNZox4T8
References:
******************** http://iolani-theroyalhawk.blogspot.com/2018/06/the-american-lawyers-twisted.html The American Lawyers Twisted/ Manipulated Kamehameha III's Deeds For Their Purposes or A Challenge In Exposing Fraud, Corruption from the Twisted/Conspiring American Lawyershttp://amelia-gora.blogspot.com/2018/02/crown-lands-belongs-to-kamehameha-iii.html http://amelia-gora.blogspot.com/2011/01/keep-for-records-with-other-articles.html https://iolani.wordpress.com/2010/07/11/our-hawaiian-monarchy-focus-on-facts-a-pictorial-history/ *************************** facebook: Crown Lands belongs to Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli, his Heirs and Successors (not the Identity thieves); Government Lands to be cared for by the House of Nobles, Minister of Interior to Assign Lands to kanaka maoli/kanaka Hawaii maoliKamehameha III- Kauikeaouli Crown Land Deed Belongs to His Heirs, and Successors - Not Only to Kamehameha IV, the Seat of the Crown.....Government Deed For the House of Nobles to Care For, Minister of
Kamehameha III- Kauikeaouli Crown Land Deed Belongs to His Heirs, and Successors - Not Only to Kamehameha IV, the Seat of the Crown.....Government Deed For the House of Nobles to Care For, Minister of Interior to Assign Lands
- A Review -
by Amelia Gora (2017)
Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli shared his lands with his family(ies): his heirs, and successors.
Conspirators, treasonous persons moved to change his deeds over time through their legalese, maneuvers, intended to defraud Kamehameha III's families.
Treasonous persons includes the False Flag operatives/ Judge(s) during Kamehameha IV - Alexander Liholiho's period and on.
Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli was a good King who shared his lands with his subjects, which included his families and people.
Kameha III didn't have to share it because he was the Monarch, a descendant of his father Kamehameha who was recognized as the head of a Monarchy based government. His lands included the Hawaiian archipelago made up of 133 Islands in the Pacific Ocean.
With Aetearoa and the Samoan Islands, the Hawaiian Islands were recognized as the Pacific Empire.
Infiltration by American operatives have been found in research.
This article is focused on the Crown Lands, and the Government lands with the true documents found in the Archives, Honolulu, Oahu.
DEEDS
Kamehameha III - Kauikeaouli's Crown Land Deed, and Government Lands to be taken cared of by the House of Nobles, House of Representatives, with the rights of Native Tenants.
The following are the important documents affecting our Hawaiian Kingdom/Kingdom of Hawaii/Hawaiian archipelago/ Hawaiian Islands/Hawaii/Ko Hawaii Pae Aina/He Mokupuni Pae Aina o Hawaii lands, etc.:
JUSTICES/JUDGES
The following are the Original Judges in the Hawaiian Kingdom:
Abner Paki
Charles Kanaina
John Kapena
Kaauwai
The Judges Descendants/Heirs:
Lorrin Andrews, June 24, 1846-Dec. 28, 1854
William L. Lee Dec. 5, 1846-May 28, 1857 (Chief Justice)
John Ii, Jan., 1848 Feb. 1864
George M. Robertson, Jan 10, 1855-March 12, 1867
Elisha H. Allen, June 4, `1857-Feb. 1, 1877 (Chief Justice)
Robert G. Davis, Feb. 16, 1864-July 8, 1868.
Alfred S. Hartwell, Sept. 30, 1868-Feb. 18, 1874.
James W. Austin, July 10, 1868-July 10, 1869
Hermann A. Widemann, July 10, 1869 - Feb. 18,m 1874.
Charles C. Harris, Feb. 18, 1874-July 2, 1881 (Chief Justice, Feb 1 1877-July 2, 1881).
A. Francis Judd, Feb. 18, 1874-May 20, 1900 (Chief Justice, Nov. 5, 1881-May 20, 1900).
Note: The Judges highlighted are problematic persons.
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Replies to This Discussion
Liar Alfred S. Hartwell - U.S. Military Operative, American Civil War General, Hawaiian Kingdom Judge, Attorney General, brother in law of William O. Smith or the Usurpers Revealed Review by Amelia Gora (2018)
The following article was written after an interview with General Alfred S. Hartwell, former attorney general of the Hawaiian Kingdom, former Judge who claimed that the Crown Lands belonged to the seat of office, contrary to law. He was a documented liar, a usurper of Queen Liliuokalani, a brother-in-law of William O. Smith who helped to plan the criminal dethronement of Queen Liliuokalani in 1893: Reference: St. Paul daily globe. (Saint Paul, Minn.) 1884-1896, November 20, 1893, Page 2, Image 2Image provided by Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN
Persistent link: http://chroniclingamerica.loc.
|
Alfred Stedman Hartwell | |
---|---|
Alfred S. Hartwell
| |
Born | Natick, Massachusetts | June 11, 1836
Died | August 30, 1912 Honolulu | (aged 76)
Occupation | Soldier, judge, lawyer |
Spouse(s) | Charlotte Elizabeth "Lottie" Smith |
Children | 8 |
Contents
[hide]Life[edit]
Alfred Stedman Hartwell was born June 11, 1836, in Natick, Massachusetts. His father was Stedman Hartwell and mother was Rebecca Dana Perry (1805–1872).[1] He graduated from Harvard University in 1858 where he was elected into the Phi Beta Kappa Society.[2]War[edit]
He moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and worked as an instructor at Washington University. In April 1861, at the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted as Corporal in the Third Missouri Reserve regiment. Missouri was officially neutral but supporters of the Confederacy had captured Liberty Arsenal, and his company was called up to help recapture the weapons. This resulted in the Camp Jackson Affair.[3]In June he returned to Boston and enrolled in Harvard Law School, but by September 1862 became a first lieutenant in the 44th Massachusetts regiment. When the United States Colored Troops (USCT) were formed for African-American recruits, he was promoted to captain on March 31, 1863, of the 54th Massachusetts. However, the number of volunteers was higher than expected, so he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and helped organize the 55th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry under command of Norwood Penrose Hallowell. The 54th's role in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner was depicted in the film Glory. The 55th moved into their former barracks, and was ordered to embark in July 1863. They served building trenches on Folly Island supporting the siege of Charleston, South Carolina. When Hallowell had to resign for treatment of an old wound, Hartwell was promoted to command the regiment on November 3, 1863.[3]Morale became a problem when his troops discovered that despite being promised the same pay as their white counterparts, they had a major deduction for a "clothing allowance". Hartwell complained to his commanding officers, and suggested promoting African-American troops to officers. On May 24, 1864, he commissioned John Freeman Shorter to be a second lieutenant, but it was refused by General John Porter Hatch. He protested up to the Secretary of War and threatened to resign, until the pay issue was settled in August 1864.[4]In the Battle of Honey Hill on November 30, 1864, he commanded a brigade that included the 55th and 54th Massachusetts and the 102nd USCT. He was wounded and had his horse shot from under him leading three charges. Captain Thomas F. Ellsworth received the Congressional Medal of Honor because "Under a heavy fire [Ellsworth] carried his wounded commanding officer [Hartwell] from the field." The battle was generally a failure, but proved another example where the African-American troops could be used in battle.[5] On January 23, 1865,[6] President Abraham Lincoln nominated Hartwell for the award of the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general, to rank from December 30, 1864, for gallant services at the battle of Honey Hill.[7] The U.S. Senate confirmed the award on February 14, 1865.[6]On January 30, 1865, he rejoined his brigade, and in February 1865 he commanded the brigade in an attack on James Island, South Carolina (see Battle of Grimball's Causeway). After a few skirmishes, both sides retreated.[8] After the fall of Charleston, he marched his forces through the city, with the African-American troops at the head of his brigade. They occupied the city and dealt with the large number of refugees.
On April 5, 1865, he commanded another combined force that marched through Charleston again, although by now the Confederate army was generally dispersing. Their duties now were mostly peace-keeping and rebuilding bridges.[9] On May 1 his units were based in Orangeburg, South Carolina, and finally in June his promotions of black officers were finally approved. In August the 55th was taken out of service. However, Hartwell was sent to investigate Milton S. Littlefield who was accused of fraud (known as the "Prince of carpetbaggers").[10]He was finally discharged on April 30, 1866. He returned to Boston, and was elected to the legislature of Massachusetts as a Republican. After the war he finished his last year of law school and graduated with an LLB degree from Harvard in 1867. He briefly started a law practice in Boston with classmate Samuel Craft Davis.[11] On August 15, 1868, he left at the suggestion of fellow Massachusetts lawyer Elisha Hunt Allen, intending to spend a year or two on an adventure to the Hawaiian Islands.[2]
Hawaii[edit]
He was appointed by King Kamehameha V to the supreme court of the Kingdom of Hawaii on the day he landed, September 30, 1868.[12]There were so few trained lawyers in Hawaii, one of the other supreme court justices, Hermann A. Widemann, had never been to law school. Elisha Hunt Allen was still acting as chief justice, despite living in the United States much of the time.[13] He rented a room at Washington Place from Mary Dominis. Also living there was John Owen Dominis who was Governor of Oahu, and his wife Lydia, the future Queen Liliʻuokalani. He quickly learned the Hawaiian language and by December 1868 was instructing juries as a circuit court judge without an interpreter.[2] At the time, the supreme court was trial court for several kinds of cases, handled appeals, and its judges acted as circuit judges on other islands.He married Charlotte Elizabeth "Lottie" Smith (1845–1896) on January 10, 1872, in Kōloa on Kauaʻi island. Her father was missionary physician James William Smith who arrived in 1842 to Hawaii. Her brother was lawyer William Owen Smith (1848–1929)[14] who later joined him in law practice.[15] They had eight children:
- Daughter Mabel Rebecca Hartwell was born April 5, 1873, and married Alfred Townsend in 1897.
- Daughter Edith Millicent Hartwell was born May 25, 1874, and married Alfred Wellington Carter (1867–1949) in 1895.[16]
- Daughter Madeline Perry Hartwell was born May 26, 1875, and married Albert Francis Judd, Jr. in 1899, son of Albert Francis Judd, and grandson of Gerrit P. Judd.
- Daughter Charlotte Lee Hartwell was born October 22, 1876, and married Charles Henry Chater.
- Daughter Juliette Hartwell was born July 27, 1879, and married Olaf L. Sorenson on May 18, 1912.
- Son Charles Atherton Hartwell was born November 5, 1880, and married Cordelia Judd Carter (1876–1921), daughter of Henry A. P. Carter, cousin of A. W. Carter, and granddaughter of Gerrit.[16]
- Bernice Hartwell was born August 15, 1882.
- Alice Dorothy Hartwell was born July 27, 1884, and married Ferdinand Frederick Hedemann in 1927.[17]
In late 1890 he traveled to Washington, DC to negotiate on a cable connection between Hawaii and west coast of the United States. Although he did not support the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, he did lobby for its annexation to the US. In 1899 he traveled to Washington, DC as unofficial representative until Robert William Wilcox was elected.[19] On the same trip he attended the International commercial congress in Philadelphia.[20] In 1895 Hartwell wrote the document signed by Liliʻuokalani in which she agreed to abdicate, avoiding death sentences for those (including herself) convicted after the 1895 Counter-Revolution in Hawaii. Liliʻuokalani remained bitter about what she saw as a former friend working for her enemies.[21]He formed a law form with Lorrin Andrews Thurston, one of the leaders of the overthrow, and then added his assistant William F. L. Stanley.[22] In 1901 he was hired to challenge the income tax in the Hawaii territorial court.[23] His daughter's brother-in-law George Robert Carter became Territorial Governor of Hawaiʻi in 1903. On June 15, 1904, he was appointed again to the Supreme Court of what was now the US Territory of Hawaii, and became chief justice August 15, 1907.[12] He replaced Walter F. Frear who in turn replaced Carter as Governor.
On March 9, 1911, he resigned and left in June for a vacation in Europe, but became ill in London and returned to Hawaii. He died in Honolulu on August 30, 1912, and was buried in Oahu Cemetery.[2]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alfred S. Hartwell. |
- List of Massachusetts generals in the American Civil War
- Massachusetts in the American Civil War
- Alfred Stedman Hartwell papers (1862-2003) at the State Library of Massachusetts
References[edit]
- Jump up ^ Carlos Slafter (1905). A record of education: the schools and teachers of Dedham, Massachusetts, 1644-1904. Dedham Transcript Press. p. 126.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Alfred Stedman Hartwell (1946) [1908]. "Forty Years of Hawaii Nei". Fifty-fourth Annual Report. Hawaii Historical Society. pp. 7–24. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b James Lorenzo Bowen (1889). "Brevet Brigadier General Alfred S. Hartwell". Massachusetts in the war, 1861-1865. C. W. Bryan & Company. pp. 934–935.
- Jump up ^ Jonathan Sutherland (2004). "55th Massachusetts Regiment Infantry (Civil War)". African Americans at war: an encyclopedia. 1. ABC-CLIO. pp. 169–171. ISBN 978-1-57607-746-7.
- Jump up ^ Jonathan Sutherland (2004). "Honey Hill, Battle of (November 30, 1864)". African Americans at war: an encyclopedia. 1. ABC-CLIO. pp. 217–219. ISBN 978-1-57607-746-7.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Eicher, John H. and Eicher, David J. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001, p. 747. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3
- Jump up ^ Hunt, Roger D. and Brown, Jack R. Brevet Brigadier Generals in Blue, p. 268. Gaithersburg, MD: Olde Soldier Books, Inc., 1990. ISBN 1-56013-002-4.
- Jump up ^ United States War Records Office (1895). The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. Government Printing Office. pp. 1042–1043.
- Jump up ^ Record of the service of the Fifty-fifth regiment of Massachusetts. Gale Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-4328-1780-0.
- Jump up ^ Jonathan Daniels (1974). Prince of carpetbaggers. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-8371-7466-2.
- Jump up ^ The report of the secretary of the Class of 1863 of Harvard College. University Press. 1888. p. 55.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Hartwell, Alfred Stedman office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Archived from the original on March 20, 2012. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Hawaii. Supreme Court (1914). "In the Matter of the Presentation of Resolutions on the Death of the Late Honorable Alfred S. Hartwell". Hawaiian reports: cases decided in the Supreme Court of the Territory of Hawaii. Honolulu Star-Bulletin. pp. 781–794.
- Jump up ^ "Smith Family Records" (PDF). Kauaʻi Historical Society. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
- Jump up ^ "William Owen Smith (1848-1929)". Kamehameha Schools Archives. Retrieved July 8, 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b George Robert Carter (1915). Joseph Oliver Carter: the founder of the Carter family in Hawaii, with a brief genealogy. Hawaiian Historical Society. pp. 10–12.
- Jump up ^ "Catherine Cinderella HARTER - Lewis HERMANS". Alice Dorothy HARTWELL. Archived from the original on 2012-12-16. Retrieved 2012-12-15.
- Jump up ^ "Attorney General office record" (PDF). state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2010. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
- Jump up ^ "Hawaii to Send an Agent: Judge Hartwell Chosen as Representative at Washington" (pdf). new York Times. September 23, 1899. Retrieved July 7, 2010.
- Jump up ^ Official proceedings of the International commercial congress: a conference of all nations for the extension of commercial intercourse. Press of the Philadelphia commercial museum. 1899. p. 390.
- Jump up ^ Liliʻuokalani (Queen of Hawaii) (July 25, 2007) [1898]. Hawaii's story by Hawaii's queen, Liliuokalani. Lee and Shepard, reprinted by Kessinger Publishing, LLC. ISBN 978-0-548-22265-2.
- Jump up ^ "Local Brevities". The Hawaiian Gazette. Honolulu. December 5, 1895. p. 5. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
- Jump up ^ "Income Tax Before the Supreme Court: It Must be Levied or the Government Can't Go on". The Honolulu republican. Honolulu. August 14, 1901. p. 5. Retrieved July 10, 2010.
External links[edit]
- "Alfred S. Hartwell". Find a Grave. Retrieved August 9, 2010.
- Kathy Dhalle (August 2006). "Alfred Stedman Hartwell". Bits of Blue and Gray. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
- Kathy Dhalle (April 1995). "History of the 55th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry". Lest We Forget Volume 3, Number 2. Archived from the original on 18 August 2010. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
Government offices | ||
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Preceded by Albert Francis Judd | Kingdom of Hawaii Attorney General February–May 1874 | Succeeded by Richard H. Stanley |
Preceded by William Richards Castle | Kingdom of Hawaii Attorney General December 1876 – July 1878 | Succeeded by Edward Preston |
Legal offices | ||
Preceded by Walter F. Frear | Territory of Hawaii Supreme Court Chief Justice August 1907 – March 1911 | Succeeded by Alexander G. M. Robertson |
Categories:
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Alfred Stedman Hartwell
“Who would be free themselves must strike the blow…. I urge you to fly to arms and smite to death the power that would bury the Government and your liberty in the same hopeless grave. This is your golden opportunity.” (Frederick Douglass; NPS)
“Organization directed by cautious aggression and manly defense will do for the race infinitel more than the policy of eternally stretching forth our hands without doing anything toward filling them, and of complaining because others are not watching our interest while we are asleep.” (Washington Bee, April 1, 1899)
The American Civil War (1861-1865) started because of uncompromising differences between the free and slave states over the power of the national government to prohibit slavery in the territories that had not yet become states.
The event that triggered war came at Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay on April 12, 1861. Claiming this United States fort as their own, the Confederate army on that day opened fire on the federal garrison and forced it to lower the American flag in surrender.
The real fighting began in 1862. For three long years, from 1862 to 1865, Robert E Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia staved off invasions and attacks by the Union Army of the Potomac commanded by a series of ineffective generals until Ulysses S Grant came to Virginia from the Western theater to become general in chief of all Union armies in 1864. (McPherson)
In the early years, African Americans were not permitted to fight in the war. In early 1863, President Lincoln wrote to Andrew Johnson (military governor of Tennessee and later Lincoln’s vice president) that, “The colored population is the great available yet unavailed of force for restoring the Union.”
“The bare sight of fifty thousand armed and drilled black soldiers upon the banks of the Mississippi would end the rebellion at once; and who doubts that we can present that sight if we but take hold in earnest.”
Two months later, War Department General Order #143 sanctioned the creation of the United States Colored Troops (USCT,) and African American units began to be integrated into the Union Army. (civilwar-org)
In Massachusetts, on January 26, 1863, Governor John Albion Andrew received permission to begin recruitment of African-Americans to man regiments of volunteer infantry. The 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was formed; because of excessive enlistments, a second regiment, the 55th, was formed.
The USCT were commanded by white officers. Captain Alfred Stedman Hartwell was assigned to the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry; when the 55th was formed, Hartwell was made its lieutenant colonel. In the fall of 1863, Hartwell earned the rank of colonel of the 55th.
Hartwell was born at Dedham, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard in 1858; was a tutor at Washington University, St Louis, 1858-61, and in the latter year enlisted in the Army.
The 55th fought in many battles, serving primarily in South Carolina and Florida. However, throughout his leadership, Hartwell had growing concern about the inadequacy of pay given to the African American soldiers.
“They felt their manhood was at stake. They were regarded as good enough to be killed and wounded, and to work in the trenches side by side with white soldiers, so they said they would wait until they got their dues.” (Hartwell; Soodalter)
Hartwell pressured his superiors on behalf of his troops. “I can hardly write, talk, eat or sleep,” he wrote, “I am so anxious and indignant that pay is not forthcoming … for my men. Can anything be done to hasten this thing? No man staying at home can imagine how great and terrible is the wrong done these men, and the distress they suffer.” (Soodalter)
Finally, on August 22, 1864 the War Department sent word that all African American troops would be compensated with equal pay, retroactive to their date of enlistment. That year, when he was twenty-eight years old, Hartwell was brevetted for gallantry and promoted to Brigadier-General.
Hartwell was wounded three times and had his horse blown out from under him. He was removed from the field, treated and sent home to recuperate. He rejoined his regiment in January of 1865 and served for the remainder of the war. (Fisher)
By the spring of 1865, all the principal Confederate armies surrendered, and when Union cavalry captured the fleeing Confederate President Jefferson Davis in Georgia on May 10, 1865, resistance collapsed and the war ended. The long, painful process of rebuilding a united nation free of slavery began. (McPherson)
By the end of the Civil War, roughly 179,000 black men (10 percent of the Union Army) served as soldiers in the US Army, and another 19,000 served in the Navy. (National Archives)
When the war was over, Hartwell left the Army and returned to Harvard where he received his law degree the following year. He then began private practice in Boston.
In 1868, King Kamehameha V was offered Hartwell the position of “First Associate Justice of the Supreme Court and Vice Chancellor of the Kingdom of the Hawaiian Islands.”
“After some weeks of deliberation I decided to come, and on August 15, 1868 started on the long trip, intending an absence of two or three years only, to obtain the new experience, not then knowing that I was making a permanent change of my home.” (Hartwell)
“After we had rounded Diamond Head and were beginning to take in the wonderful beauty of Honolulu, ever fresh and young … As we neared the wharf, we saw the crowd which was waiting to greet friends returning from abroad.” (Hartwell ) He arrived in the Islands on September 30, 1868.
“I began at once to study the Hawaiian language with such success that in holding the circuit court at Lahaina at the December term of 1868 I charged the native jury in their own language, briefly to be sure, but I believe they understood the charge, which is more than can always be said of the juries who listen to the elaborate present day instructions.”
“… the charm of the semi-tropical life was in the hospitality and friendliness of the people, native as well as foreign, shown to the stranger within their gates no less than to each other.”
“On January 10, 1872, my wedding day (to Miss Charlotte Elizabeth Smith, daughter of James W Smith of Kauaʻi,) my father died, but I did not know of his death until we got to San Francisco in the latter part of February, on our wedding journey to South Natick.” (On June 11, 1872, his birthday, his sister died.)
The Hartwells had seven daughters and one son: Bernice Hartwell, Mabel Rebecca Hartwell, Edith Millicent Hartwell, Madeline Perry Hartwell, Charlotte Lee Hartwell, Juliette Hartwell, Charles Atherton Hartwell and Alice Dorothy Hartwell.
He served as editor of the Hawaiian Gazette, member of the Board of Trustees for the Planters’ Labor and Supply Company, and president of the Pacific Cable Company. He supported the idea that the United States should acquire a permanent lease with Hawaiʻi for a naval base at Pearl Harbor.
After the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in January of 1893, Hartwell served on the Annexation Commission. When Hawaiʻi was annexed by the US on July 7, 1898, he traveled to Washington to advise Secretary of State John Hay regarding Hawaii’s future.
On June 15, 1904, he was appointed Associate Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Hawaii. He served in that capacity until August 15, 1907 when he was sworn in as Chief Justice.
In February 1911, he resigned and set sail for Europe. His vacation was cut short by illness and he returned to Hawaiʻi. He died at his home in Honolulu on August 30, 1912. His grave is the westernmost grave of a Civil War general on American soil (at Oʻahu Cemetery.) (Fisher)
The image shows Alfred Stedman Hartwell in his US Army uniform. In addition, I have included other related images in a folder of like name in the Photos section on my Facebook and Google+ pages.
Alfred Stedman Hartwell
Birth |
Natick, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA
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Death | 30 Aug 1912 (aged 76)
Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA
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Burial | Honolulu, Honolulu County, Hawaii, USA |
Memorial ID | 51499184 · View Source |
Civil War Union Brevet Brigadier General. After graduating from Harvard University in 1858, Hartwell became a tutor at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. When the Civil War began, he joined the 3rd Missouri Reserve Regiment and fought for the surrender of the pro-Confederate Camp Jackson. After relative peace was established in St. Louis in June of 1861, he returned to Massachusetts and began his studies at Harvard Law School. In September of 1862, he received a commission as a first lieutenant in the 44th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. He saw action in Goldsboro and Kingston, North Carolina. On January 26, 1863, Governor John Albion Andrew received permission to begin recruitment of African-Americans to man regiments of volunteer infantry. The "United States Colored Troops" were to be commanded by white officers. Initially, Hartwell was commissioned as senior captain of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. Because of excessive enlistments, a second regiment, the 55th, was formed and Hartwell was made its lieutenant colonel. On July 21, they embarked for New Bern, North Carolina. With the news of losses suffered by Robert Gould Shaw and the 54th Massachusetts Regiment, the 55th was ordered to Folly Island, South Carolina where they set up a base camp. The commanding officer, Norwood P. Hallowell was forced to resign in the fall of 1863 because of an injury; and Hartwell was elevated to colonelcy of the 55th. The issue of equal pay with white troops consumed much of Hartwell's time. He also advocated for the promotion of qualified African-American men to higher rank. On October 7, 1864, the pay issue was finally resolved to the satisfaction of the men. At the end of November of 1864, the 55th was sent on an expedition down the Broad River to destroy the railroad at Grahamville, South Carolina. On November 30th, they came upon a large Confederate earthwork fort hidden in the trees at Homey Hill. Hartwell led three separate charges in an attempt to take the fort. He was wounded three times and had his horse blown out from under him. He was removed from the field, treated, and sent home to recuperate. On December 30, 1864, he was breveted brigadier general "for gallant services at the Battle of Honey Hill." He rejoined his regiment in January of 1865 and served for the remainder of the war trying to keep central South Carolina secure. After the war, Hartwell returned to Massachusetts and practiced law. In 1868, he was offered and accepted the position of First Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Hawaii by King Kamehameha V. In 1874, he was asked to serve as King Kalakaua's Attorney General. He reluctantly agreed, but resigned after one year to resume the practice of law. In Hawaii, he served on a number of boards and commissions. He served as editor of the Hawaiian Gazette, member of the Board of Trustees for the Planters' Labor and Supply Company, and president of the Pacific Cable Company. He supported the idea that the United States should acquire a permanent lease with Hawaii for a naval base at Pearl Harbor. After the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in January of 1893, Hartwell served on the Annexation Commission. When Hawaii was annexed by the United States on July 7, 1898, he traveled to Washington to advise Secretary of State John Hay regarding Hawaii's future. On June 15, 1904, he was appointed Associate Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Hawaii. He served in that capacity until August 15, 1907 when he was sworn in as Chief Justice. In February of 1911, he resigned and set sail for Europe. His vacation was cut short by illness and he returned to Hawaii. He died at his home in Honolulu on August 30, 1912. His grave is the westernmost grave of a Civil War general on American soil.
Bio by: Thomas Fisher
Reference: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/51499184/alfred-stedman-hartwell
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http://amelia-gora.blogspot.com/2018/02/crown-lands-belongs-to-kamehameha-iii.html
http://amelia-gora.blogspot.com/2011/01/keep-for-records-with-other-articles.html
https://iolani.wordpress.com/2010/07/11/our-hawaiian-monarchy-focus-on-facts-a-pictorial-history/
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